Everything about Rubus totally explained
Rubus is a large
genus of
flowering plants in the family
Rosaceae, subfamily
Rosoideae. Raspberries, blackberries, and dewberries are common, widely distributed members of the genus. Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like
roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The
Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of
drupelets.
The blackberries, as well as various other
Rubus species with mounding or rambling growth habits, are often called
brambles. However, this name isn't used for those like the
raspberry that grow as upright canes, or for trailing or prostrate species such as most dewberries, or various low-growing boreal, arctic, or alpine species.
The genus
Rubus is believed to have existed since at least 23.7 to 36.6 million years ago.
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Examples of the hundreds, if not thousands, of species of
Rubus include:
The genus also includes numerous
hybrids, both natural and bred by man, such as the
Loganberry (
Rubus × loganobaccus).
» See also: List of Lepidoptera that feed on Rubus
Scientific classification
The genus
Rubus is a very complex one, particularly the
blackberry/
dewberry subgenus (
Rubus), with
polyploidy,
hybridization, and facultative
apomixis apparently all frequently occurring, making
species classification of the great variation in the subgenus one of the grand challenges of
systematic botany. Some treatments have recognized dozens of species each for what other, comparably qualified botanists have considered single, more variable species. On the other hand, species in the other
Rubus subgenera (such as the raspberries) are generally distinct, or else involved in more routine one-or-a-few taxonomic debates, such as whether the European and American red raspberries are better treated as one species or two. (In this case, the two-species view is followed here, with
Rubus idaeus and
R. strigosus both recognized; if these species are combined, then the older name
R. idaeus has priority for the broader species.)
The classification presented below recognizes 13
subgenera within
Rubus, with the largest subgenus (
Rubus) in turn divided into 12
sections. Representative examples are presented, but there are many more species not mentioned here.
| Subgenus Anoplobatus
Subgenus Chamaebatus
Subgenus Chamaemorus
Subgenus Comaropsis
Subgenus Cyclactis
Subgenus Diemenicus
Subgenus Dalibardastrum
Subgenus Idaeobatus
Subgenus Lampobatus
Subgenus Malachobatus
Subgenus Micranthobatus
Subgenus Orobatus
|
Subgenus Rubus (syn. subgenus Eubatus)
- Sections
- Sect. Allegheniensis
- Sect. Arguti
- Sect. Caesii
- Sect. Canadenses
- Sect. Corylifolii
- Sect. Cuneifolii
- Sect. Flagellares
- Sect. Hispidi
- Sect. Rubus (also known as Rubus fruticosus agg.)
- Sect. Setosi
- Sect. Ursini
- Sect. Verotriviales
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Further Information
Get more info on 'Rubus'.
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